The mosaics of the central dome no longer exist, but a picture of them can still be reconstructed as between 1538 and 1540 Francisco de Holanda made watercolour copies of what then survived. It was different from earlier styles in that the roof, which would previously have been typically flat and made with wood, was instead designed as a dome and vault.[14]. [17] It appears, but can not be certain, that the sarcophagus of Constantina is a copy of that of Constantine I, her father, which is now lost. Christ is clothed in golden robes, suggesting his power and supremacy. It is also important to note that Peter was Rome's first bishop so this meant Roman authority was sanctioned by God. Secondo la tradizione fu condotto da alcuni soldati davanti al console Lucio e barbaramente flagellato, quindi immerso nell'acqua bollente, da dove uscì miracolosamente illeso. Santa Costanza is a 4th-century church in Rome, Italy, on the Via Nomentana, which runs north-east out of the city.It is a round building with well preserved original layout and mosaics. Aggiunto/modificato il 2011-09-19. Opposite the entrance in this central space there is "a kind of baldacchino...rises above a porphyry plaque which, below the middle arch of the center room, once seems to have carried the princess's sarcophagus". Or they could be perceived as a connection to Bacchus, the God of Wine. [4], The mausoleum is of circular form with an ambulatory surrounding a central dome. The walls were probably covered in slabs of colourful marble, as was usual in imperial buildings. A key component which is missing from the decorative scheme is the mosaic of the central dome. [11], One of the apses shows a traditio legis: Christ is shown with Saints Peter and Paul giving Peter the scroll representing law, with the inscription, "DOMINUS PACEM DAT," or "The Lord is giving Peace." Stanley, David J., "New Discoveries at Santa Costanza", High-resolution 360° Panoramas and Images of, This page was last edited on 10 April 2020, at 16:08. Other early Christian buildings with a similar origin and a circular plan include Split Cathedral, built within Diocletian's Palace as his mausoleum, and the Rotunda of Galerius (now the Church of St. George]] in Thessaloniki built as a mausoleum for Galerius. Il Cayro, invero, ha creduto si trattasse di due vescovi di Aquino di nome Costanzo, dei quali il primo sarebbe vissuto al tempo di san Benedetto, l'altro durante il pontificato di Giovanni III.

The area was an Imperial family estate, and the bodies of the sisters were both brought considerable distances to be buried there: Ammianus records that Constantina's body was brought back from Bithynia, and Helena's from Gaul (History XIV: 11, 6). Despite the loss of the coloured stone veneers of the walls, some damage to the mosaics and incorrect restoration, the building stands in excellent condition as a prime example of Early Christian art and architecture. Si basa sul participio presente del verbo constare ("restare fermo", "non mutare") e letteralmente ha il significato di "fermo", "costante", "tenace", "perseverante"[1][3][4][5][6]. [2] The basilica was originally a "funerary hall" rather than a church in the modern sense.

[17] This is especially true of the floor mosaics which were similar in style to those in the ambulatory, filled with cupids, birds, and Bacchus and grapevines. Email.

Negli Acta Sanctorum è stato riprodotto da un piccolo ms., non troppo antico, fornito dall'Ughelli: da chi l'abbia avuto quest'ultimo, non risulta. [19], Constantina's sarcophagus has complex symbolic designs in relief: "the surface is dominated by an intricate pattern of stylized vine-stems into which are fitted cherubs...with this scene of Dionysiac exuberance, and the hope of future blessedness which it implies, two peacocks, birds of immortality, are completely in accord". The number of arches, pairs of columns and windows could be a reference to the Twelve Apostles. There is a short vestibule inside the door, opening to the ambulatory. [21] A cast replica has been placed in the church, though in the ambulatory; presumably its original position was in the centre of the church, now occupied by the altar. L'onomastico si può festeggiare in memoria di diverse sante, alle date seguenti:

In alcuni codd. It was traditionally thought that construction began during the reign of Emperor Constantine I or shortly after, as an early history, the Liber Pontificalis, records that Pope Silvester I (d. 335) baptized Constantina and her paternal aunt in a baptistry built by Constantine there at the same time as the funerary hall.

But excavations in 1992 discovered an earlier building beneath, and the existing building is now dated to around 350 AD. Then, as Constantina's fame as a saintly figure developed in the Middle Ages, their roles became reversed in the popular mind. In contrast the central area is well-lit, creating interplay between dark and light in the interior. Martirizzato al tempo delle persecuzioni dell'imperatore Marco Aurelio.

Ma quantunque Gregorio non dichiari espressamente l'identità della persona, questa appare evidente dalle locuzioni da lui usate. in bibl., p. 245) riportano un elogio del santo, premesso alla narrazione di Gregorio Magno, a modo d'introduzione.

There is another in the Museum of Roman Civilization in the city. By the 7th-century the basilica had fallen into ruins and was too large to be refurbished, and the current much smaller Basilica of Sant'Agnese fuori le mura was built to replace it, a few metres away. Ultimately, Constantina's sarcophagus was housed here, but it may have been moved from an earlier location. [10], The huge funerary hall or Constantinian basilica gradually fell out of use and into ruins, with the base of the wall now surviving for about a third of the original circuit of exterior walls, but Santa Costanza has survived all but intact. [9], The structure of Santa Costanza reflects its original function as the mausoleum of one or both Constantine's two daughters, Constantia and Helena, rather than as the church it became much later.

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[20] The scene presents an image of nature and plenty complete with grape vines, sheep and birds. [1], That could suggest that the current church is the second Christian building on the site, and may be some decades later than traditionally thought, being built as a mausoleum for Constantina's sister Helena in the reign of her husband Julian the Apostate.

This suggests not only holy power, but human power given that purple is the color of royalty and the gold stripes suggestion a connection to the Roman emperors. The sarcophagus is massive with the chest measuring 128 cm or 4 ft 2​3⁄8 in high, 233 cm or 7 ft 7​1⁄2 in long, and 157 cm or 5 ft 1​3⁄4 in wide. An arched arcade with twelve pairs of granite columns decorated with composite capitals supports the drum below the dome, and separates the area of the ambulatory beyond, which is much darker, as light from twelve windows in the clerestory does not reach this area as well. This contrast of light can be seen in the picture of the main interior.

Stampa. Facebook. The earlier triconch building of the 330s was probably indeed built for Constantina, but she later had to take second place to her sister. Non è certo, però, che questo Costanzo sia proprio il vescovo di Aquino. This is a clear sign of Christ, and the power of heaven, giving authority and holy power to man. Costanzo e Costanza, con il significato del nome, origine e data onomastico. It is documented that Pope Nicholas I celebrated mass there in 865, the first time that "Santa Costanza" is recorded as its name, but its consecration as a church was not until 1254, by Pope Alexander IV, who had what were believed to be the remains of Constantia removed from the larger sarcophagus and placed under a central altar.[11]. Dopo averle onorevolmente riposte in una nuova urna lignea, le fece trasferire nella nuova cattedrale dedicata a Costanzo, dove furono collocate sotto l'altare maggiore. In this apse Christ is not just portrayed as royalty but as the ruler of the world, of all existence. (This would be odd, however, because Julian was a staunch pagan.) The mosaics of Santa Costanza are important examples of Early Christian art, and even rarer examples of secular palace ceiling mosaics. Santa Costanza is a 4th-century church in Rome, Italy, on the Via Nomentana, which runs north-east out of the city. Quanto sappiamo di Costanzo deriva da due passi di Gregorio Magno, il quale riferisce che questo santo vescovo di Aquino era venuto a morte non molto tempo prima, durante il pontificato di papa Giovanni. Aside from the natural scene, there are also four portraits including Constantia herself, "on the lid, four graceful portrait heads, one apparently that of Constantina, look calmly out over this assurance that the best is yet to be".

The fabric of Santa Costanza survives in essentially its original form. Twitter. Email. )[1][2] Santa Costanza and the old Saint Agnes were both constructed over the earlier catacombs in which Saint Agnes is believed to be buried. Si adempì così quanto l'uomo di Dio aveva annunziato: dopo la morte dei due suoi successori, la sua Chiesa non avrebbe avuto più alcun pastore. It is a concept that would later be prevalent in Christian art and architecture. The ambulatory is barrel-vaulted and is 22.5 meters or 74 feet in diameter. It is now thought that the larger sarcophagus traditionally related to Constantina may in fact have housed her sister Helena, and the less spectacular one, also removed to the Vatican, was actually Constantina's. [15], In the second apse, Christ appears somewhat more simply but still as supremely powerful.

[3] However, more recent excavations have called this date (and therefore the original purpose of the building) into question. (Note that the much later Church of St Agnes, still standing nearby, is distinct from the older ruined one. Altri Santi e Beati; 29 gennaio: San Costanzo di Perugia - Vescovo e martire: 14 maggio: San Costanzo di Capri - Vescovo: 14 maggio: San Costanzo di Vercelli - Vescovo: 26 agosto: Santi Simplicio, Costanzo e Vittoriano - Martiri a Celano: Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 1 dic 2019 alle 14:31. [5] It is made of porphyry, a hard purple stone, reserved by the Romans for use only by the imperial family, whose colour purple was. [5] The large porphyry sarcophagus of either Constantina or her sister Helena has survived intact, and is now in the Vatican Museum - an object of great significance to the study of the art of Late Antiquity. [1], Coordinates: 41°55′21″N 12°31′03″E / 41.922614°N 12.517375°E / 41.922614; 12.517375, File:Santakonstanza mausoleo oinplano.jpg, Age of spirituality: late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Costanza&oldid=950171914, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

The screens of the ambulatory and inner ring create a dark contrast to the bright upper space of the dome. Peter also approaches Christ in supplication, like one would approach the Emperor. It is built of brick-faced concrete and its structure is basically two rings supported by columns placed around a vertical central axis.

Il nome è stato portato da un certo numero di santi[4]; l'onomastico si può festeggiare quindi in diverse date, fra le quali: Dizionario della lingua italiana - Volume VII, https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Costanzo_(nome)&oldid=109198130, licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo, Voci presenti nell'enciclopedia su persone di nome ", Costanzo I, imperatore romano, meglio noto come, Costanzo Rameski è un personaggio dell'opera di.


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